![]() ![]() ![]() Velocity breaks, or discontinuities, occurred at the nuclei of these galaxies. Several well-studied galaxies, including M51 and NGC 2903, exhibited two distinct redshifts. Different redshifts in the same galaxyĭifferent redshifts have been observed in the same galaxy. However, the expansion of space explanation also has problems. The only remaining possibility is a cosmological redshift. Nor are the quasar redshifts likely to be Doppler. Observed quasar redshifts of z ~ 1 to 3 cannot be gravitational. The same text, based on an analysis by Schmidt, argues the following: No one has ever put forward a satisfactory explanation for the cosmological redshift other than the expansion of the universe. Nor are the quasar redshifts likely to be Doppler how could so massive an object be accelerated to v ~ 1 without complete disruption? 5 Problems with expanding space (cosmological redshift)Įxpanding space is the preferred explanation in the classic text Gravitation by Wheeler, Misner, and Thorne: Quoting the classic text Gravitation by Wheeler, Misner, and Thorne: This requires high acceleration to near relativistic velocities, which would disrupt galaxies. 4 Problems with the Doppler effect Galaxies required to travel too fastĪs more distant galaxies were discovered and larger redshifts were noted, it became apparent that conventional explanations required these galaxies to be moving at speeds approaching the speed of light, which is a problem. Observed quasar redshifts of z ~ 1 to 3 cannot be gravitational in origin objects with gravitational redshifts larger than z ~ 0.5 are unstable against collapse. 3Īlso quoting the classic text Gravitation, by Wheeler, Misner, and Thorne: Problems with gravitational redshiftĬalculations show gravitational redshift to be a small effect. However, there are problems with the conventional explanations. ![]() This is also known as the cosmological redshift.Īlso, note that more than one of these mechanisms may be in effect that is, one mechanism does not necessarily rule out the others. Waves of light are stretched, similar to the Doppler effect, but the lengthening is due to the expansion of space itself. Cosmological redshift (expansion of space) Per the Doppler effect, waves of light get stretched due to motion of the source of the light away from the observer. This loss of energy corresponds to a decrease in the wave frequency and increase in the wavelength, known as a redshift. electromagnetic waves or photons travelling out of a gravitational well (seem to) lose energy. Therefore, there is the gravitational redshift: Photons lose energy while traveling out of a gravitational region, such as away from a gravitational mass, like a galaxy. Cosmological redshift (space expansion)Īfter a brief review of the above conventional redshift explanations, I shall present a more recent and novel interpretation and examine some of its ramifications for the origin of the universe.Gravitational redshift (Einstein shift 1.The following are some well-known conventional explanations of redshift: In this short article, we shall not try to examine thoroughly every attempted interpretation of the red shift, but we shall briefly examine a few generally well-known ones and primarily focus on a relatively new one. The redshift is an effect observed in astronomical data in which the color of light from distant objects is shifted toward longer wavelengths (the red end of the spectrum). ![]()
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